SRI CAITANYA
MAHAPRABHU'S APPEARANCE
Caitanyera-simhera
nava-dvipe
avatara
simha-griva,
simha virya
simhera-hunkara
Sei simha
vasuk jivera
hrdaya-kandare
kalmasa-dvirada
nase
yanhara
hunkare
"Thus the lionlike Lord
Caitanya has appeared in Navadvipa. He has the shoulders of a lion, the powers
of a lion, and the loud voice of a lion. May that lion be seated in the core of
the heart of every living being. Thus with His resounding roar may He drive
away one's elephantine vices."
Sri Caitanya-caritamrta Adi-Lila,
3.30-31 (1)
The divine appearance of Sri
Krsna Caitanya Mahaprabhu is celebrated on the full moon of the month of
Phalguna (February-March). This is the most auspicious day for all Gaudiya
Vaisnavas. It is the most sacred and special festival to glorify the appearance
in this world of the Supreme Personality of Godhead, Sri Krsna Caitanya.
According to Srila Rupa Goswami,
the Rasa-Acarya of the Gaudiya Vaishnavas, and many other exalted authorities,
Sri Krsna Caitanya Mahaprabhu is one other than the Supreme Personality of
Godhead Sri Krsna, who incarnates in the form of a devotee, to enjoy rasa.
Srila Krsna dasa Kaviraja
describes in the Sri Caitanya- caritamrta, that Sri Sri Radha and Krsna are one
divine self, or one and the same, but they have taken two bodies. Both Radha
and Krsna constantly enjoy each other, and taste the pleasures of divine love.
radha-krsna eka atma dui deha
dhari'anyonye vilase rasa asvadana kari
Caitanya-caritamrta Adi-lila 4.56
To taste this divine mellow, Sri
Sri Radha-Krsna have appeared in one body, as Sri Krsna Caitanya Mahaprabhu,
who appeared in Mayapura Dhama.
PREDICTION OF SRI CAITANYA
MAHAPRABHU'S APPEARANCE IN THE VEDAS
The appearance of Lord Sri
Caitanya Mahapabhu, the Yuga-Avatara is described in the sacred Vedas.
Sri Caitanyopanisadi:
jahnavi-tire navadvipe golokakhye
dhamni govindo dvi-bhujo gaurah sarvatma maha-puruso mahatma maha-yogi
tri-gunatitah sattva-rupo bhaktim loke kasyatiti. tad ete sloka bhavanti.
In the Sri Caitanya Upanisad,
text 5:
"The Supreme Personality of
Godhead, Govinda, the supreme enjoyer, whose form is transcendental, who is
beyond the touch of the three modes of material nature, and who is all
pervading Supersoul residing in the-hearts of all living entities, will appear
again in the Kali-age. Appearing as the greatest devotee, the Supreme
Personality of Godhead will assume a two-armed form of golden complexion in His
abode of Goloka Vrindavana manifested on the bank of the Ganga at Navadvipa. He
will disseminate pure devotional service in the world. This incarnation of the
Lord is described in the following verses." (2)
IN WHAT COLOR WILL THE LORD
APPEAR IN THE KALI-YUGA, AND WHAT WILL HE DO?
eko devah sarva-rupi mahatma
gauro rakta syamala-sveta-rupah caitanyatma sa vai caitanya-saktir bhaktakaro
bhakti-do bhakh-vedyah
"The Supreme Personality of
Godhead, who is the master of all transcendental potencies, and who may be
known only by devotional service, [bhakti vedyah] appears in innumerable
transcendental forms. He has appeared in red, white and black complexions,
[gauro rakta syamala sveta rupah] and He will also appear in the golden form of
Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu. He will assume the role of a perfect devotee [bhakta
akarah] and He will teach the conditioned souls the path of pure devotional
service [bhakti dah].
Sri Caitanya Upanisad text 6. (3)
WHAT IS THE NATURE OF THE FORM OF
LORD CAITANYA AND HOW IS HE UNDERSTOOD?
namo vedanta vedyaya krmaya
paramatmane
sarva caitanya rupaya caitanyaya
namo namah (4)
I offer my respectful obeisances
unto Him, who is understood by Vedanta [namo vedanta vedvaval, who is Lord
Krsna [Krsnaya], the Supersoul [paramatmane], whose form is fully
transcendental and conscious of everything [sarva-caitanya-rupaya]. We offer
our humble obeisances again and again. [Caitanyaya namah namah]
WHAT IS THE RESULT OF
UNDERSTANDING THE DIVINE POSITION OF SRI CAITANYA MAHAPRABHU?
vedanta vedyam
purusam puranam
caitanyatmanam visva-yonim mahantam
tam eva viditva' mrtyum eti
nanyah pantha vidyatetyanaya
"Knowing Him who is the
object of knowledge in the Upanisads, the oldest person, the embodiment of
consciousness, the source of the universe and the greatest of all, one crosses
over death. There is no other path for going there." Sri Caitanya Upanisad
text 8. (5)
WHAT WILL SRI CAITANYA MAHAPRABHU
DO IN THIS INCARNATION ?
sva-nama mula-mantrena sarvam
hladayati vibhuh (6)
The Supreme powerful [vibhuh]
Lord Sri Krsna Caitanya appears in His golden form, and He will fill the
universe with bliss [hladayati] by the chanting of His own holy names
[sva-nama-mula-mantrena].
WHICH MANTRA WILL THIS YUGA
AVATARA CHANT?
sa eva mula-mantra japati harir
iti krsna iti rama iti. (7)
Sri Krsna Caitanya will chant the
maha-mantra comprised of the divine names of Hari, Krsna and Rama. i.e., Hare
Krsna Hare Krsna Krsna Krsna Hare Hare. Hare Rama Hare Rama Rama Rama Hare
Hare.
Sri Cartanya Upanisad text 10.
IS THERE ANY SPECIFIC REFERENCE
IN THE VEDAS AS TO WHEN IN THIS YUGA- AVATARA SRI KRSNA CAITANYA WAS SCHEDULED
TO APPEAR?
atharva-vede-purusa-bodi'ny-upanisad
saptame gaura-varna-visnor ity aena sva-saktya
caikyam etya pratar avatirya saha svaih sva-manum siksayati.
In the Atharva-Veda
Purusa-Bodini-Upanisad, it is said:
"In the seventh manvantara,
in the beginning of the Kali-Yuga, the Supreme Personality of Godhead will,
accompanied by His own associates, descend in a golden form to the earth. He
will teach the chanting of His own names." ( 8 )
DOES LORD CAITANYA APPEAR IN
EVERY DAY OF LORD BRAHMA?
Just like the original
Personality of Godhead, Lord Sri Krsna does appear once in every day of Lord
Brahma.
Srila Prabhupada once explained
in Melbourne, Australia, in answer the question of how long it would be before
Lord Krsna would come to this planet again in His physical form, that Krsna
would come again after 8 billion, 600 milion years.
Devotee: How long do you say it
is before Krsna comes to this planet again in His physical form?
Srila Prabhupada: Now, calculate,
I have already given the duration of one day, twelve hours, of Brahma means
4,300,000 years multiplied by one thousand....the eight billion.
Paramahamsa: 600,000,000.
Srila Prabhupada: So Krsna comes
after this period In one day, after one day of Brahma, He appears.
Devotee: Srila Prabhupada, does
Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu also appear every day of Brahma?
Srila Prabhupada: Yes, following
Krsna. Krsna comes in the Dvapara-Yuga. There are four sets of yugas: Sattva,
Treta, Dvapara, Kali. So Krsna come at the end of Dvapara-Yuga, and Caitanya
Mahaprabhu comes in the Kali-Yuga so almost the same year, same circulation...
Similarly, Krsna appears in rotation in this universe after so many years,
eight billion years. So next He goes to another universe....(9)
WHEN EXACTLY DOES HE COME IN THE
KALI-YUGA, AND WHERE DOES HE SPECIFICALLY APPEAR AND WHAT WILL HE DO?
itotham krta
sannyaso'vatarisyami sa-guno nirvedo
niskamo bhu-girvanas tira-atho' lakanandayah kalau
catuh-sahasrabdhopari panca-sahasrabhyantare
gaura-varno dirghangah sarva-laksana-yukta isvara-
prarthito nija-rasasvado bhakta-rupo misrakhyo
vidita-yogah syam.
In the Atharva Veda, the Supreme
Person says:
I will descend on the earth after
the passage of four thousand years in the Kali-Age, [kalau catuh
sahasrabdhopari] and before the passsage of five thousand years [panca sahasra
abhyantare].
I will come on the earth on the
bank of the Ganges, [tira-sthah alakanandayah]. I will be a tall and saintly
Brahmana devotee. I will have all the auspicious symptoms of an exalted person
[dirghangah sarva-laksana-yuktah].
I will exhibit renunciation. I
will have all auspicious signs. I will be a devotee, practicing bhakti yoga. I
will taste the rasa of My own devotional service.
tathaham krta
sannyaso bhu-girvano 'vatarisye
tire'lakanandayah punah punah isvara-prarthitah sa-
parivaro niralambo nirdhuteh kali-kalmasa-kavalita-
janavalambanaya. (11)
In the Sama Veda, the Supreme
Lord says:
I shall come to the earth,
accompanied by My associates, in a place by the bank of the Ganges. I will
advent to save the people who are afflicted and devoured by the sins of the age
of Kali. I will manifest as an avadhuta Brahmana sannyasi.
WHAT IS THE NAME OF THE PLACE
WHERE THE SUPREME LORD APPEARS?
The Chandogya Upanisad describes
the place of advent of the Supreme Lord Sri Krsna Caitanya. This is explained
by Srila Sacidananda Bhaktivinoda Thakura, in the Sabadvipa Dhama Mahatmya
(text 5):
tan-madhye
daharam saksan
mayapuram itiryate
tatra vesma bhagavatas
caitanyasya paratmanah
tasmin yas tv antarakaso
hy antardvipah sa ucyate (12)
The spiritual city in the shape
of a lotus has the abode of Sri Mayapura as its heart. Sridhama Mayapura is the
divine abode of Lord Caitanya, the Supreme Personality of Godhead. In the
middle of Mayapura is the place called Antardvipa.
ARE THERE ANY OTHER RELEVANT
SCRIPTURAL REFERENCES IN THE VEDAS DESCRIBING THE APPEARANCE OR QUALITIES OF
SRI KRSNA CAITANYA MAHAPRABHU?
The Svetasvatara Upanisad (6.7)
describes the qualities of the Supreme Personality of Godhead, Lord Caitanya:
tam isvaranam
paramam mahesvaram
tam devatanam paramam ca daivatam
patim patinam paramam parastad
vidama devam bhuvanesam idyam
"O Supreme Lord, you are the
Supreme Mahesvara, the worshipable deity of all the demigods and the Supreme
Lord of all Lords. You are the controller of all controllers, the Personality
of Godhead, the Lord of everything worshipable." (13)
mahan prabhur
vai purusah
sattvasyaisa pravartakah
sunirmalam imam praptim
isano jyotir avyayah
"The Supreme Personality of
Godhead is Mahaprabhu, who disseminates transcendental enlightenment. Just to
be in touch with Him is to be in contact with the indestructible brahmajyoti.
"
(Svetasvatara Upanisad 3.12) (14)
Thus it is clearly established
from the writings of the great Acaryas of the Gaudiya-parampara, that Sri Krsna
Caitanya Mahaprabhu is the Supreme Personality of Godhead Himself, whose
appearance and birthplace were predicted and whose activities were also
foretold.
DID THE SRIMAD-BHAGAVATAM, THE
FOREMOST OF ALL VEDIC LITERATURES PREDICT THE APPEARANCE OF LORD CAITANYA
MARAPRABHU?
In the seventh canto of the
Srimad-Bhagavatam, Prahlada Maharaja directly hints at the hidden nature of the
Supreme Lord's appearance. Because the Supreme Lord is also called Tri-Yuga, or
one who appears in only three yugas (satya, dvapara, treta), He is sometimes
said to appear in a concealed form, in the age of Kali.
channah kalau
yad abhavas tri-yugo'tha sa tvam
(Srimad Bhagavatam 7.9.38)
ARE THERE ANY MORE DIRECT
REFERENCES IN THE SRIMAD BHAGAVATAM, THAN THE ABOVE REFERENCE?
In the tenth canto of the Srimad
Bhagavatam, chapter eight, Gargamuni the family priest of Nanda Maharaja,
explains that the young boy Sri Krsna has three colors - white, red and yellow
- when He appears in His transcendental form in different ages. In the current
incarnation of Krsna, He has appeared ...as black.
asan varnas
trayo hy asya grhnatotnvyugam tanuh
suklo raktas tatha pita idanim krmatam gatah
(Srimad-Bhagavatam 10.8.13) (15)
Srila Krsna dasa Kaviraja, the
celebrated author of the Sri Caitanya-caritamrta, explains that the three
colors of white, red and yellow are the three bodily colors which the Supreme
Lord assumes in the ages of Satya, Treta and Kali respectively.
sukla rakta
pita-varna—ei tina dyuti
satya-treta-kali-kale dharena sri-pati (16)
The Bhagavatam explains in the
conversation between Karabhajana Muni and King Nimi, that in the Dvapara-Yuga,
the Supreme Lord, the Personality of Godhead appears in a blackish form
[Dvapare bhagavan syamah]. He has a yellow dress and carries His own weapons
[pita-vasa-nija-ayudhah]. He is beautified with the mark of Srivatsa and the
Kaustubha jewel [Sri vatsa-adibhih ankais ca laksanaih]. This is the actual
description of His characteristics [upalaksitah]. (17)
The great sage continues his
instruction to King Nimi by saying that people in general in the age of
Dvapara-Yuga worshiped the Lord of the Universe [iti dvapara urvisam stuvanti
jagad isvaram]. In the age of Kali, they worshipped the Supreme Person by the
regulation of the scriptures [tantra vidhana]. (18)
krsma varnam
tvisakrsmam sangopangastra parsadam
yajnaih sankirtana prayair yajanti hi sumedhasah
"In the age of Kali,
intelligent persons perform congregational chanting to worship the incarnation
of Godhead who constantly sings the holy name of Krsna. Although His complexion
is not blackish, He is Krsna Himself. He is accompanied by His associates,
servants, weapons and confidential companions." (19)
HOW DOES THIS VERSE REFER TO THE
ADVENT OF LORD CAITANYA, SINCE HIS NAME IS NOT DIRECTLY MENTIONED THERE?
Just as the symptoms and
characteristics of the various previous incarnations are mentioned in the
scriptures, similarly the symptoms of the appearance of Lord Caitanya
Mahaprabhu are described.
Krsna-varnam indicates that He
belongs to the category of Krsna. Krsna varnam also means one who constantly
repeats and sings the name of Krsna. The main business of Sri Caitanya
Mahaprabhu was the chanting of the holy name of Krsna. Thus the words Krsna
varnam and Krsna Caitanya are equivalent.
Srila Krsna dasa Kaviraja Goswami
has elucidated the two meanings of the words Krsna varnam by stating:
Krsna ei dui
varna sadayanra mukhe
athava krmake h'nho varne nija sukhe (20)
Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu always
sings the two syllables Krs-na [Krsna ei dui varna sada yanra mukhe], or He
always relishes great transcendental pleasure while describing Lord Krsna
[athava krmake tinho varne nija-sukhe].
IS THERE ANY HINT OR EXPLANATION
OF HIS BODILY CHARACTERISTICS?
His bodily complexion is not
black [tvisa akrsnam]. Lord Caitanya appeared in a very light, golden like
complexion. His complexion was yellow [akrma-varane kahe pita-varana] (21). Sri
Caitanya Mahaprabhu was very beautiful.
Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu is often
described as Gaurasundara. Gaura means fair and Sundara means beautiful.
Sometimes He is also called Gauranga or one who has a very fair complexion.
SRILA RUPA GOSWAMI PRABHUPADA'S
DESCRlPTION OF THE BODILY COLOR OF SRI CAITANYA MAIIAPRABHU
Srila Rupa Goswami Prabhupada was
one of the chief associates of Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu. He was personally
trained by Mahaprabhu Himself in the science of Bhakti both in Puri-Dhama and
Prayaga.
He personally witnessed many
intimate pastimes of Lord Caitanya at Jagannatha Puri. In his Stava- Mala,
Caitanya-Astakam, He vividly describes the bodily color of Sriman Mahaprabhu.
kalau yam
vidvamsah sphutam
abhiyajante dyuti-bharad
akrmaneam krsnam
makha vidhibhir utkirtanamayaih (22)
In the age of Kali [kalau], great
scholars [vidvamsah] worship Lord Krsna by performing the sankirtan
[makha-vidhibhih utkirtanamayaih]. Lord Krsna is now non-blackish
[akrma-angam], because of the feelings of ecstatic love of Srimati Radharani.
This is the actual description of
His bodily hue.
Srila Kaviraja Goswami elucidates
the above verse of Rupa Goswami:
pratyaksa
tanhara tapta-kancanera dyuti
yanhara chataya nase aNnana tamastati (23)
Anyone can vividly see the golden
complexion of Lord Caitanya [tapta kancanera dyuti]. This beautiful golden
color dissipates the darkness of ignorance.
Thus, the meaning of the words
'tvisa akrmam' has been explained by the great acaryas, Srila Rupa Goswami
Prabhupada and Srila Krsna Dasa Kaviraja Goswami.
DID HE COME WITH ASSOCIATES OR
INTIMATE COMPANIONS?
Lord Caitanya is always
accompanied by His associates. His main associates are Lord Nityananda, Advaita
Acarya, Srivasa, Gadadhara, Haridasa Thakura, etc. Whenever Lord Caitanya was
present, they would assemble around Him and engage in Sankirtana. So in the
incarnation of Lord Caitanya He comes with His soldiers and His associates
[Caitanya-Krsnera sainya anga-upange]. (24)
Thousands upon thousands of
persons would come and participate in the congregational chanting of the Hare
Krsna Maha Mantra.
sangopangastra
parsadam
(sa-anga upa-anga parsadam)
Thus, Sri Krsna Caitanya
Mahaprabhu's characteristics and symptoms are described [krsna- varnam], and
His bodily color is indicated [tvisa- akrsnam]. This famous verse from the
Srimad- Bhagavatam also indicates that the incarnation for this age would also
advent with His associates [sa- anga upanga astra parsadam].
The word anga is defined as a
bodily limb [anga sabde amsa] (25) and it is also sometimes called a part. A
part of a limb [angera avayana] is defined as a partial part [upanea
vyakhyana]. (26)
Krsna dasa Goswami also defines
the word anga as referring to a plenary portion. Such divine portions are full
of knowlege and bliss [saba cid ananda maya]. (27)
Sri Advaita Prabhu and Sri
Nityananda Prabhu are the angas or plenary portions of Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu
[advaita nityananda-caitanyera dui anga]. They are the angas (limbs) of Sri
Caitanya. The sub-parts of these two limbs are called the upangas or the
constituent parts of the two major limbs. (28)
HOW IS THIS YUGA-AVATARA OR
INCARNATION OF THE AGE OF KALI-YUGA TO BE WORSHIPPED?
This form of the Personality of
Godhead, Sri Caitanya, is meant to be worshipped by the intelligent class of
men [yajanti hi su-medhasah]. The word su means very good and medhasah means
one who is intelligent, one who has good brain substance. (29)
Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu is the
propounder, also sometimes called the initiator, of the sankirtana movement of
congregational chanting of the Divine Name of Krsna [sankirtana pravartaka Sri
Krsna Caitanya]. Anyone who worships Lord Caitanya through the medium of
sankirtana is fortunate [sankirtana yajne tanre bhaje sei dhanya] . (30)
Anyone who worships Lord
Caitanya, by making a sacrifice of His life, wealth, time, and intelligence and
words is very fortunate and is recognized by the Lord and gets the blessings of
Sri Krsna Caitanya Mahaprabhu.
HOW DO THE SIX GOSWAMIS EXPLAIN
THIS FAMOUS VERSE?
Srila Jiva Goswami Prabhupada has
commented upon verse Krsna varnam tvisakrsnam, in the introduction of his
Bhagavata-Sandarbha. He composed the famous verse antah krsnam bahir gauram.
antah krmam
bahir gauram
darsitangadi vaibhavam
kalau sankirtanadyaih sma
krma-caitanyam asritah
"I take shelter of Lord Sri
Krsna Caitanya Mahaprabhu, who is outwardly of a fair complexion but is
inwardly, Krsna Himself. In this age of Kali, He displays His expansions [His
angas and upangas] by performing congregational chanting of the holy name of
the Lord." (31)
Srila Prabhupada explains the
meaning of the above verse.
"He [Srila Jiva Goswami ]
has placed the verse from Srimad-Bhagavatam quoted in text 52 (krsna varnam
tvisakrmam ...) as the auspicious introduction to his Bhagavata-Sandarbha or
Sat-Sandarbha. He has composed this text (81), which is, in effect an
explanation of the Bhagavatam verse of the same work. The verse from
Srimad-Bhagavatam was enunciated by Karabhajana, one of nine great sages, and
it is elaborately explained by the Sarva- Samvadini, Jiva Goswami's commentary
on his own Sat-Sandarbha. Antah-Krsna refers to one who is always thinking of Krsna.
This attitude is a predominant feature of Srimati Radharani. Even though many
devotees always think of Krsna, none can surpass the Gopis, among whom
Radharani is the leader in thinking of Krsna. Radharani's Krsna consciousness
surpasses that of all other devotees. Lord Caitanya accepted the position of
Srimati Radharani to understand Krsna; therefore He was always thinking of
Krsna in the same way as Radharani. By thinking of Lord Krsna, He always
overlapped Krsna.
Sri Krsna Caitanya, who was
outwardly very fair, with a complexion like molten gold, simultaneously
manifested His eternal associates, opulences, expansions and incarnations. He
preached the process of chanting Hare Krsna, and those who are under His lotus
feet are glorious." (32)
ARE THERE OTHER VERSES FROM THE
SRIMAD-BHAGAVATAM WHICH GLORIFY OR INDICATE THE DIVINE APPEARANCE OF SRI
CAITANYA MAHAPRABHU?
Yes, there are two other verses
often cited by Srila Prabhupada and the previous acaryas.
dhyeyam sada
paribhava-ghnam abhista-doham
tirthaspadam siva-virinci-nutam saranyam
bhrtyarti-ham pranata-pala bhavabdhi-potam
vande maha purusa te caranaravindam
"O protector of those gone
to you for refuge! O Supreme Lord! I bow to Your lotus feet Which are always
fit to be meditated upon without the least restrictions of time and place,
which destroy all impediments like, karma, jnana, yoga to the practice of
unalloyed devotion to you, Which are the wish wielders, and holy because of
their being the resort of the holy river Ganga, Which are ever being extolled
by Siva and Brahma, Which are the fittest sanctuary to be sought after by all,
Which destroy the acutest distress of their servants and Which are the ship to
cross this ocean of wordliness." (33)
tyaktva
su-dustyajya-surepsita-rajya-laskhmim
dharmistha arya-vacasa yad agam-aranyam
maya-mrgam dayitayepsitam anvadhavad
vande maha-purusa te caranaravindam (34)
We offer our respects and humble
obeisances unto the lotus feet of the Supreme Lord, [vande maha purusa te
carana aravindam] Who left his household life, [tyaktva sudustyajya] leaving
His adorable consort, who is worshipped even by the demigods. He went to the
forest [yad agad aranyam] to deliver the fallen souls, who are under the
influence of the material energy [maya-mrgam].
Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu has a
very young and beautiful wife, Sri Lakshmi Devi, and His mother, Sri Sacidevi,
was very affectionate. At the age of 24 years old, He took the order of
sannyasa and left home to go and preach.
By examining His characteristics,
the great Acaryas have pointed out that Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu is described in
those verses of the Bhagavatam.
DO OTHER MAJOR VEDIC LITERATURES
ALSO DESCRIBE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE ADVENT OF SRI CAITANYA?
Krsna dasa Kaviraja Goswami has
cited a verse from the Maha-Bharata (Dana-Dharma, Visnu- Sahasra-Nazna Stotra)
to point out the divine characteristics of Sriman Mahaprabhu's appearance.
suvarna varna
hemango
varangas candanangadi
sannyasa krt-chamah santo
nistha santi parayanah (35)
In His early activities Lord Caitanya
comes as a householder. He has a golden complexion [suvarna varnah]. His limbs
are very beautiful [vara-anga] and are smeared with sandalwood pulp [candana-
angadi]. He has the appearance of molten gold [hema-anga].
The Supreme Lord Caitanya accepts
the renounced order of life [sannyasa-krt]. He is fully sense-controlled or
equipoised [sama], and is completely peaceful [santa]. He is completely fixed
in the chanting of the holy name of Lord Krsna, [nistha]. He is the highest
abode of devotion and transcendental peace. He silences the mayavadi
impersonalists [nistha santi parayanah].
Srila Prabhupada has explained
that Sripada Baladeva Vidyabhusana has written a Gaudiya Vaishnava commentary
on the Visnu-Sahasra-Nama, called the namartha sudhabhidha, in which he has
explained the meaning of the relevant verses from the Sahasra-Nama.
Note: The above verse cited from
the Sri Caitanya- Caritamrta (CC Adi-Lila 3.49) is actually cited from 2
different verses of the Visnu-Sahasra-Nama.
The first part of the text,
'suvarna varna hemango varangas candangadi' is from text 79 of the
Visnu-Sahasra-Nama (suvarna varna hemango varangas candanangadi-viraha visamah
sunyo ghrtasir acalas calah.)
The second part of the text cited
in the Caitanya-Caritamrta (sannyasa-krt samah santo nistha santi parayanah) is
from text 62 of the Visnu- Sahasra-Nama. The full text [62] is trisama samagah
sama nirvanam bhesajam bhisak—sannyasa krt chamah santo nistha sanah parayanam.
In this famous commentary he
states that Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu is the Supreme Personality of Godhead. This
is supported by evidence from the Vedic Upanisads. The sanskrit words
suvarna-varna indicate one who has gold-like complexion. The vedic text to
support this point is:
yada pasya
pasyate rukma-varnam
kartaram isam purusam brahma-yonim (36)
The words rukma-varnam kartaram
isam refer to the Supreme Person [Sri Caitanya] who has a complexion like
molten gold.
WHAT ARE SOME OF THE DESCRIPTIONS
OF LORD CAITANYA'S BODILY FEATURES ACCORDING TO SOME OF THE GREAT DEVOTEES
PRESENT AT THE TIME?
Srila Sarvabhauma Bhattacarya,
one of the foremost disciples of Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu in Jagannatha Puri,
composed an entire series of prayers describing in detail the various features
of Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu, called Sri Gauranga-Prati- Anga-Varnanakhya-Stava-Rajah,
or the King of Prayers, proclaiming the glory of each limb of Sri Gauranga. Let
us carefully present a few of these divine gems.
Lord Caitanya's bodily luster.
Srila Sarvabhauma Bhaffacarya has
described the complexion of Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu's body.
tapta hema
dyutim vande
kali-krsnam jagad-gurum
caru-dirgha-tanum srimac
chaci-hrdaya-nandanam
I worship Lord Krsna, the
spiritual master of the universe, who appears in the age of Kali with a luster
like molten gold. His body is beautiful and tall. He is like molten gold, and
He is the delight of the son of Sacidevi. (37)
Srila Prabodhananda Sarasvati
Thakura also describes Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu's golden complexion.
ananda
lilamaya vigrahaya
hemabha-divya-cchavi-sundaraya
"O Lord Caitanyacandra, O
Lord whose form is full of blissful pastimes, O Lord whose complexion is as
splendid as gold..." (38 )
Srila Krsna Dasa Kaviraja Goswami
similarly describes Lord Caitanya.
tapta hema sama kanti prakanda
sarira
"...the luster of His
expansive body resembles molten gold..." (39)
Prabodhananda Sarasvati also
further describes Sri Caitanya's golden complexion.
_
svayam devo yatra-kanaka-gaurah
karunaya (40)
His complexion is as fair as
molten gold.
Sri Caitanya's beautiful hair.
lasan-mukha-lata-naddha
caru-kuncita-kuntalam
"His lovely curling locks
are interwoven with creepers of glistening pearls..."
Sri Caitanya's shoulders and
chest.
Prabhodananda Sarasvati Thakura
describes the shoulders of Mahaprabhu.
simha
skandham...
"May Lord Caitanya, whose
shoulders are like a lion..."(42)
Srila Krsna dasa Kaviraja Goswami
also points out the nature of Sri Caitanya's shoulders and voice.
simha griva
simha-virya simhera hunkara
"He has the shoulders of a
lion, the powers of a lion, and the loud voice of a lion." (43)
Sri Caitanya's arms.
ajanulambita-bhuja
(44)
His arms reach all the way to his
knees.
ajanulambita
bhuMau kanaka vadatau (45)
Their arms ( Lord Caitanya and
Lord Nityananda ) reach all the way to their knees.
kankanangada-vidyoti-
janu-lambi-bhaja-dvayam
"....His two arms,
glittering with bracelets and bangles, extend down to His knees." (46)
Sri Caitanya's face.
prema-pravaha-madhura
raktotpala-vilocanam
h la-prasuna-susnigdha-
nutanayata-nasikam (47)
His beautiful eyes are just like
reddish lotus flowers. They are most beautiful, just like lakes of Krsna Prema.
His nose is arched and is resplendent just like the sesame flower.
Sri-ganda-mandollasi-
ratna-kundala-manditam
savya-karna-suvinyasta-
sphurac-caru-sikhandakam (48)
His cheeks are round and they
shine brilliantly. He wears jewelled earrings. He has a peacock feather placed
near His left ear.
madhura-sneha-susnigdha
praraktadhara-pallavam
isad-danturita-snigdha
sphuran-mukta-radoijvalam (49)
His lips are tender and very
lustrous. They resemble reddish blossoming flowers. He reveals his pearl-like
teeth out His kindness.
DESCRIPTION OF LORD CAITANYA'S
FUTURE ADVENT IN OTHER VEDIC AND PURANIC LITERATURES
Prediction of His advent as a
sannyasi.
aham eva
kvacid brahman
sannyasa asramam asritah
hari bhaktim grahayami
kalau papa-hatan naran (50)
In the Upa-Puranas, the Supreme
Personality of Godhead, Lord Sri Krsna speaks to Srila Vyasadeva:
O Brahmana, I occasionally take
the Sannyasa Asrama [sannyasa asrama asritah] in an attempt to bring the fallen
people of Kali Yuga to take up the path of Bhakti or devotional service to Lord
Krsna [hari bhaktim grahayami].
Prediction of His advent in the
form of a brahmana.
aham eva
dvija-srestho
nityam pracchanna-vigrahah
bhagavad-bhakta-rupena
lokam raksami sarvada (51)
In the Adi-Purana and in the
Narada Purana, the Supreme Person says:
I shall advent in the form of a
Brahmana devotee [aham eva dvija-srestho] and I shall hide my factual identity [prachanna
vigrahah]. I shall deliver all the worlds [lokam raksami sarvada].
Prediction of His actual time of
incarnation.
kalina
dahyamanam
uddhararaya tanu-bhrtam
janma prathama sandhyayam
bhavisyati dvijalaye (52)
In the Kurma-Purana, it is
stated:
The Supreme Person will appear in
the first part of the age of Kali [janma prathama sandhyayam]. He will appear
in the home of a Brahmana [bhavisyati dvijalaye], to save the embodied
conditioned souls [uddharaya tanu-bhrtam] burning in the troubles of Kali-Yuga.
Description of the purpose of Sri
Caitanya's incarnation.
kalina
dakyamananam
paritranaya tanu-bhrtam
janma prathama sandhyayam
karisyami dvijatisu (53)
In the Garuda-Purana, the Supreme
Person says:
In the first part [prathama
sandhya] of the age of Kali, I will come among the brahmanas [karisyami
dvijatisu] to save the fallen souls,[paritranaya tanu- bhrtam] who are being
burned by the troubles of the age of Kali [kalina dahyamananam].
Prediction of the name of His
mother and the actual name of His future birthplace.
aham purno
bhavisyami
yuga-sandhyau visesatah
mayapure navadvipe
bhavisyami saci sutah (54)
In the Garuda-Purana, the Supreme
Lord says:
I will take birth as the son of
Saci [bhavisyami saci sutah], in Navadvipa-Mayapura [mayapure navadvipe]. I
will come in my complete spiritual form in the first part of Kali-Yuga.
Prediction of the name of His
future first wife and His future assumption of the sannyasa order.
kaleh prathama
sandhyayam
lakshmi- kanto bhavisyati
daru-brahma-samipa-sthah
sannyasi gaura-vigrahah (55)
In the same Garuda-Purana, it is
Also stated:
In the first part of Kali-Yuga,
the Supreme Personality of Godhead will come in a gold-like form. First He will
become the husband of Lakshmi [Srimati Lakshmi Devi, Lord Caitanya's first
wife]. Then He will become a sannyasi, near Lord Jagannatha who will appear in
a divine wooden form.
Prediction of the bodily color of
Sri Caitanya and the nature of His future activities.
satye
daitya-kuladhi-nasa-samaye
simhordhva-martyakrtis
tretayam dasa-kandharam
paribhavan rameti namakrtih
gopalan paripalayan vraja-pure
bharam haran dvapare
gaurangah priya-kirtanah
kali-yuge caitanya-nama prabhuh
In the Nrsimha-Purana, it is
said:
"The Supreme Personality of
Godhead who in the Satya-Yuga appeared as a half-man, half-lion to cure a
terrible disease that had ravaged the daityas, and who in the Treta-Yuga
appeared as a person named Rama [Lord Ramacandra], a person who defeated the
ten- headed Demon Ravana, and who in the Dvapara- Yuga removed the earth's
burden, and protected the Gopa [cowherd men] people of Vraja-pura, will appear
again in the Kali-Yuga. His form will be golden, He will delight in chanting
the Lord's holy names, and His name will be Chaitanya." (56)
Prediction of the future advent
of Sri Caitanya by His direct name.
yatrayogesvarah
saksad
yogi-cintyo janardanah
caitanya vapur aste vai
sandranandatmakah (57)
In the Padma-Purana, it is said:
The Supreme Personality,
Janardana, who is the object of the yogis' meditation [yogi-cintyo-
janardanah], who saves the devotees from various sufferings, and who is the
master of all yogic practices [yogesvarah], who is always full of divine
transcendental ecstasy and bliss [sandra-ananda- atmakah], will advent in His
own divine form of Sri Caitanya [Caitanya-vapah].
Description of the tune and place
Sri Caitanya's future advent.
kaleh
prathama-sandhyayam
gaurangotham mahi-tale
bhagirathi-tate ramye
bhavisyami saci-sutah (58)
In the Padma-Purana, the Supreme
Personality of Godhead Himself states:
I shall appear on this earth
[mahi-tale] in the first part of Kali-Yuga [kaleh prathama sandhyayam] in a
beautiful place on the bank of the Bhagirathi [bhagirathi-tate ramye]. I shall
have a golden form [gaurangah], and I shall take birth as the son of Saci
[bhavisyami saci-sutah].
Prediction of the purpose of Sri
Caitanya's advents.
aham eva kalau
vipra
nityam prachanna-vigrahah
bhavavad-bhakta-rupena
lokan raksami sarvada (59)
In the Narada-Purana, the Supreme
Personality of Godhead says:
O Vipra, in the age of Kali, I
will come disguised [nityam prachanna vigraha] as a devotee [bhagavad-
bhakta-rupena] and I will save all the worlds [lokan raksami sarvada].
Prediction of His mother's name
and the nature of His specific preaching method [sankirtana].
divija bhuvi
jayadhvam
jayadhvam bhakta rupinah
kalau sankirtana rambhe
bhavisyami saci-sutah (60)
The Supreme Personality of
Godhead states in the Narada-Purana:
O Divija (demigods), please come
and advent as devotees on this earth [bhuvi jayadhvam jayadhvam] in the age of
Kali-Yuga. I will incarnate as the son of Saci [bhavisyami saci-sutah] to
inaugurate the congregational chanting of the name of Krsna [kalau sankirtana
arambhe].
Prediction of the revelation of
Sri Caitanya's form.
kaleh prathama
sandhyayam
gaurangotham mahi-tale
bhagirathi-tate bhumni
bhavisyami saci-sutah (61)
In the Brahma-Purana, the Supreme
Personality of Godhead says:
I will reveal my eternal golden
form [gaurangotham mahi-tale] in the first part of Kali- Yuga [kaleh prathama
sandhyayam]. I will advent on the earth on the bank of the Bhagirathi
[bhagirathi- tate bhumni].
Prediction of the future sannyasi
role and ecstasy of Sri Caitanya.
anandasru-kala-roma
harsa-purnam tapo-dhana
sarve mama eva draksyanti
kalau sannyasa-rupinam (62)
In the Bhavisya-Purana, the
Supreme Lord says:
O austere sage, you should know
that in the age of Bali, everyone will see my transcendental form as a sannyasi
[kalau sannyasa rupinam]. I will be exhibiting symptoms of ecstasy like shedding
tears of bliss and hairs standing in ecstasy [anandasru-kala-roma-
harsa-purnam].
Prediction of the color of Sri
Caitanya and the nature of His future associates.
prasantatma
lamba-kanthas gaurangas ca suravrtah (63)
In the Agni-Purana, it is said:
The Supreme Personality of
Godhead will come in a golden form [gaura-anga], full of peace [prasantatma],
and a beautiful long neck [lamba-kanthah]. He will be surrounded by many
saintly devotees [sura-avrtah].
Note: This is an indirect
prediction of the future advent of the members of the Panca-Tattva.
Prediction of the characteristics
of Sri Caitanya.
mundo gaurah
su-dirghangas
tri-srotas-tira-sambhavah
dayaluh kirtana-grahi
bhavisyami kalau-yuge (64)
In the Matsya-Purana, the Supreme
Personality of Godhead says:
In the age of Kali, I shall
advent [bhavisyami kalau yuge] where the three rivers meet [tri-srotas-
tira-sambhavah]. I shall have a shaven head [mundah]. I shall have a golden
complexion [gaurah]. I will be very kind and always chant the holy name of
Krsna [dayaloh kirtana-grahi].
Prediction of the name of the
river where Sri Caitanya will take his birth and other characteristics.
suddho
gaurah-su-dirghango
ganga-tira-samudbhavah
dayaluh-kirtana-grahi
bhavisyami kalau yuge (65)
In the Vayu-Purana, the Supreme
Personality of Godhead states:
In the age of Kali-Yuga, I shall
come [bhavisyami kalau yuge] in a place on the bank of the Ganges
[ganga-tira-samudbhavah]. I will be very pure [suddhah], have a fair complexion
[gaurah], and be very tall [su-dirghangah] and chant the holy names of Krsna.
Prediction that the Supreme Lord
will leave Goloka and corne in a golden form.
golokam ca
parityajya
lokanam trana-karanat
kalau gauranga-rupena
lila-lavanya-vigrahah
In the Markandeya-Purana, the
Supreme of Godhead declares:
"In the Kali-Yuga, I will
leave Goloka and, to save the people of the world, I will become the handsome
and playful Lord Gaurange." (66)
Prediction of one of the purpose
of Sri Caitanya's appearance.
aham eva
dvija-srestho
lila-pracurya-vigrahah
bhagavad-bhakta-rupena
lokan raksami sarvada (67)
In the Varaha-Purana, the Supreme
Personality of Godhead declares:
I shall come as the best of the
brahmanas [aham eva dvija-srestha]. I will exhibit many pastimes [lila-
pracurya-vigrahah] in the form of a devotee [bhagavad-bhakta-rupena]. I shall
deliver the people of the world [lokan raksami sarvada].
Prediction of the name of the
mother of Sri Caitanya and His future role as the deliverer of the darkness of
Kali-Yuga.
kali-ghora-tamas-channat
sarvan acara varjitan
sacigarbhe ca sambhuya
tarayisyami narada (67)
In the Vamana-Purana, the Supreme
Personality of Godhead declares:
O Narada Muni, I will take birth
in the womb of Saci [saci-garbhe ca sambhuya]. I shall save the people, who
will give up all proper good conduct [sarvan acara varyitan], from the terrible
darkness of the age of Kali-Yuga [kali-ghora-tamas-channan].
Prediction of the future advent
of Sri Caitanya, His birthtime, His mother, His birthcity, His name and His
mission.
paurnamasyam
phalgunasya
phalguni-rksa-yogatah
bhavisye gaura-rupena
saci-garbhe purandarat
svarnadi-tiram
asthaya
navadvipe janasraye
tatra dvija-kulam prapto
bhavisyami janalaye
bhakti-yoga-pradanaya
lokasyanugrahaya ca
sannyas-rupam asthaya
krsna-caitanya-nama-dhrk
tena lokasya
nistaras
tat kurudhvam mamajnaya
dharitri bhavita cabhir
mayaiva dvija-dehina (68)
In the Vayu-Purana, the Supreme
Personality of Godhead says:
I shall advent in the month of
Phalguna, when the star Phalguni is conjoined with the full moon. I shall
incarnate in a golden complexion in the womb of Saci and Purandara Misra.
I will be born in the city of
Navadvipa,on the Ganges's shore, in a Brahmana's family. I shall take the
renounced order of life [sannyasa] and show kindness to the people in general
and engage them in Bhakti. I will be known as Sri Krsna Caitanya.
All of you should follow My order
and deliver the people of the world. I shall appear as a Brahmana. I shall make
this earth fearless.
Prediction of Sri Caitanya's
birthcity, the name of the river close to His birthsite, the name of His
rnother, His close associates and their divine roles in His lila, His divine
reason for incarnating as well as different narnes by which Sri Caitanya will
be known.
svarnadi-tiram
asritya
navadvipe dvijalaye
sampradatum bhakti-yogam
lokasyanugrahaya ca
sa eva
bhagavan krmo
radhika-prana-vallabhah
srsty-adau sa jagannatho
gaura asin mahesvari
avatirno
bhavisyami
kalau-nija-ganaih saha
saci-garbhe navadvipe
svardhuni-parivarite
aprakasyam
idam guhyam
na prakasyam bahir mukhe
bhaktavataram bhaktakhyam
bhaktam bhakti-pradam svayam
man-maya-mohitah
kecin
na jnasyanto bahir-mokhah
jnasyanti mad-bhakti-yuktah
sadhavo-nyasinotmalah
krmavatara-kale-yah
striyo ye purusah priyah
kalau te'vatarisyanti
sridama-subaladayah
catuh-sasti-mahantas
te
gopa dvadasa balakah
Caitanyera Simhera...
dharma-samsthapanarthay
a viharisyami tair aham
kale nastam
bhakti-patham
sthapayisyamy aham punah
gacchantu bhuvi te putrah
jayantam bhakta-rupinah
dharma-samsthapanam kale
kurvantu te mamajnaya
krsnas
caitanya-gaurango
gauracandrah saci-sutah
prabhur gauro gaura-harir
namani-bhakti-dani me
In the Ananta-Samhita, it is
said:
"To show mercy to the people
and give them devotional service, the Supreme Personality of Godhead will
appear in a Brahmana's home in Navadvipa by the Ganges's shore. The Supreme
Person, Sri Krsna Himself, who is the life of Srimati Radharani, and is the
Lord of the universe in creation, rnaintenance, and annihilation, appears as Gaura,
O Mahesvari. (69 ).
In Kali-Yuga, I will descend to
the earth with My associates. In Navadvipa, which is surrounded by the Ganges,
I will take birth in Saci-devi 's womb.
They who are bewildered by My
illusory potency will not understand the great secret of the appearance in this
world of Me in My personal form, in My form as the incarnation of devotion, in
My form as the incarnation of a devotee, in My form bearing the name of a
devotee, in My form as a devotee, and in My form as the giver of devotional
service.
This secret is not to be revealed
to them. Only the saintly, pure, renounced devotees, diligently engaged in My
devotional service, will be able to understand Me in these five forms.
My dear male and female
associates, headed by Sridama and Subala, who came to this world at the time of
My advent as Lord Krsna, will come again during the Kali-Yuga.
The Gopas will become the
sixty-four mahantas and the twelve gopalas. To establish the truth of religion,
I will enjoy many pastimes with them.
In this way I will again reveal
the path of devotional service, which has been destroyed in the course of time.
My sons should also descend to the earth, assume the forms of devotees, and, by
My order, also work to re-establish the principles of true religion.
At this time My names will be:
Krsna Caitanya, Gauranga, Gauracandra, Sacisuta, Mahaprabhu, Gaura and
Gaurahari. Chanting these names will bring devotion to Me." (70)
According to the authoritative
statements of the great purva-acaryas [previous authorized bona fide spiritual
masters] such as Srila Rupa Goswami Prabhupada, Srila Sanatana Goswami, Srila
Jiva Goswami Prabhupada, Srila Krsna dasa Kaviraja Goswami, Srila Bhaktivinoda
Thakura, Srila Bhaktisiddhanta Saraswati Thakura, and His Divine Grace A.C.
Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada, the foremost representative of all the Acaryas
in the Gaudiya Sampradaya, and many other great Acaryas and pure devotees, Sri
Krsna Caitanya Mahaprabhu is the Yuga-Avatara, and the incarnation of Sri Sri
Radha and Krsna combined who has come to taste the transcendental bliss
experienced by Srimati Radharani. He is the Supreme Personality of Godhead.
This transcendental conclusion is supported by the statements of the Vedas, the
Srimad- Bhagavatam, various puranas, the Maha-Bharata, various Samhitas,
Tantras and Pancaratric texts.
sankirtana-pravartaka
sri krma-caitanya
sankirtana-yajne tanre bhaje sei dhanya
"Lord Sri Krsna Caitanya is
the initiator of sankirtana [congregational chanting of the holy name of Lord
Krsna]. One who worships Him through sankirtana is fortunate indeed "(7/)
vintala-kamala-vaktrah
pakva-bi nbadharosthas
tila-kusu na-su-nasah katnbu-kanthah su-dirghah
suvaliuta-bhuja-dando nabhi-gambhira-rupah
sphuratu hrdaya-madhye gaura-candro-natendrah
"His face is flawless like a
blooming lotus and His lips are red as ripe as bimba fruits. His nose is as
beautiful as the sesame flower and his neck is like a three- ringed conch. He
is very tall and His rod-like arms make artistic movements while He dances. His
navel is very deep. May my Lord Gaura Candra, the king of dancers, reveal
Himself in the core of My heart." ( 72)
Caitanyera-Simhera --- References
(1) Sri Caitanya-Caritamrta Adi-Lila 3.30-31. by His
Divine Grace A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada.
(2) Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu predicted in scripture. text 1. By Sriman
Kusakratha Dasa. The Krsna Institute, La, Ca. 1992.
(3) ibid. SCM predicted... text 2.
(4) Sanskrit cited from the Caitanya Upanisad. text 7.
(5) Sri Caitanya-Upanisad. text 8. By HH Rohini Kumara Swami- Vaishnava
Research Institute, Berkeley, Ca. 1984.
(6 ) Sanskrit cited from Caitanya Upanisad. text 9.
(7 ) Sanskrit cited from Caitanya Upanisad. text 11.
(8) ibid as in # 2. text 7.
(9) Conversations with Srila Prabhupada, Melbourne Australia. 22nd May 1975.
BBT 1991.
(10) SCM predicted... text 8.
(11) Sanskrit text cited from the Sama Veda. Quoted in SCM predicted... text 9.
(12)Navadvipa-Dhama-Mahatmya- text5 (Chandogya Upanisad) by Sriman Kusakratha
dasa. The Krsna Institute, La, Ca.1989.
(13) Svetasvatara Upalusad citation as given in the Sri Caitanya-Caritamrta
purports of HDG A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada-CC Adi-Lila 2.22. BBT La,
Ca. 1974.
(14) ibid.
(15) Sanskrit text cited from the SB 10.8.13, as cited in the CC Adi-Lila 3.36.
(16) Bengali text cited from the CCAdi-Lila 3.37.
(17) Sanskrit text cited from the SB 11.5.27. cited from the CC Adi-Lila 3.39.
(18) Sanskrit text cited from the SB 11.5.31. as cited in the CC Adi-Lila 3.51.
(19) Sanskrit text cited from the SB 11.5.32. as cited in the CC Adi-Lila 3.52.
Translation by HDG A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada, BBT La, Ca.1974.
(20) Bengali text cited from the CC Adi-Lila 3.54.
(21) Bengali text cited from the CC Adi-Lila 3.57.
(22) Sanskrit text from the Stavamala (text 63), as cited in the CC Adi-Lila
3.58.
(23) Bengali text cited from the CC Adi-Lila 3.59.
(24) Bengali excerpt cited from CC Adi-Lila 3.65.
(25) Bengali excerpt cited from CC Adi-Lila 3.71.
(26) Bengali excerpt cited from CC Adi-Lila 3.68.
(27) Bengali excerpt cited from CC Adi-Lila 3.71.
(28) Bengali excerpt cited from CC Adi-Lila 3.72.
(29) Sanskrit text cited from SB 11.5.32.
(30) Sanskrit text cited from SB 11.3.81, and cited in CC Adi-Lila 3.81 BBT La,
Ca. 1974
(31) Bhagavata-Sandarbha of Srila Jiva Goswami text 2. cited from the CC
Adi-Lila 3.81. BBT La, Ca 1974.
(32) ibid.
(33) The Divine Name by Raghava Chaitanya Dasa. 1954. Bombay, India. # 601.
page 436. Citation from SB 11.5.33. also cited by HDG A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami
Prabhupada- CC Adi-Lila 2.22 purports.
(34) SB 11.5.34. also cited in CC Adi-Lila 2.22 purports, as in #(33).
(35)Maha-Bharata-Dana-Dharma-Visnu-Sahasra- Nama-Stotra. as cited in CC
Adi-Lila 3.49.
(36) Cited from the Mundaka-Uparusad 3.1.3. As cited in the CC Adi-Lila 2.22
and CC Adi-Lila 3.49 [Bhaktivedanta purports].
(37) Sri Gauranga-Mahima-Sri Gauranga-Praty- Anga-Varnanakhya-Stava-Rajah by
Sri Sarvabhauma Bhattacarya-Text 4-Gaura Vani Press-Krsna- Balarama Dasa- Union
City-Ga. 1992.
(38) Sri Caitanya-Candramrta by Srila Prabodhananda Saraswati Prabhupada. text
11. The Krsna Institute by Sriman Kusakratha Dasa. La, Ca, 1986.
(39) CC Adi-Lila 3.41 HDG A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada- BBT La, Ca.
1974.
(40) Sanskrit text cited from the Sri Caitanya- Candramxta text 71
(41) Sri Gauranga-Praty-Anga-Vs khya-stava Raja- Text 5- as in (# 37)
(42) Sri Caitanya-Candramrta text 13. as in (# 38 ).
(43) CC Adi-Lila 3.30. as in (# 39).
(44) Bengali text cited from CC Adi-Lila 3.44.
(45) Bengali text cited from Sri Caitanya-Bhagavata Adi-Khanda .1.1.
(46) Sri Gauranga-Prati-Anga-Varnanakhya-Stava- Rajah- text 12- as in (#37).
(47) ibid-text 7.
(48) ibid-text 8.
(49) ibid-text 9.
(50) Sanskrit text cited from an Upa-Purana as cited in CC Adi-Lila 3 83.
(51) SCM predicted in the scriptures-text 22-Adi- Purana and the Narada-Purana.
(52) ibid...text 23-Kurma-Purana.
(53) ibid...text 24-Garuda-Purana.
(54) ibid...text 25-Garuda-Purana.
(55) ibid...text 26—Garuda Purana.
(56) SCM predicted...text 30—Citation from Nrsimha- Purana English translation.
As in (#2).
(57) SCM predicted...text 31-Padma Purana.
(58) ibid-text 32 Padma-Purana.
(59) ibid-text 33 Narada-Purana.
(60) ibid-text 34 Narada-Purana.
(61) SCM predicted... text 35 Brahma-Purana.
(62) ibid... text 36 Bhavisya-Purana.
(63) ibid... text 37 Agni-Purana.
(64) ibid....text 39 Matsya-Purana.
(65) ibid... text 40 Vayu-Purana.
(66) ibid. . . text 41 Markandeya-Purana. The Krsna Institute. La, Ca. 1992.
(67) ibid... text 43 Vamana-Purana.
(68) ibid ...texts 45 16-47-48- Vayu-Purana.
(69) CC Adi-Lila, 2.22. LDurport] BBT La, Ca. 1974.
(70) SCM predicted... texts 50-51-52-53-54-55-56- 57-58-citingfrom
Ananta-Samhita.
(71)CCAdi-Lila 3.77 BBTLa,Ca.1974.
(72) Susloka-Satakam -59- Sri Gauranga Mahima- Gaura-Vani Press, Union City,
Ga. 1992.
Reprinted with permission from Krsna Prema Vani
magazine, Vol. 2, No. 2, March, 1995. Copyright Hari Nama Mission, Badger,
California.