The Life of

 Bhaktivinod Thakur

 

 

(More literary productions)

BVT was transferred from Barasat to Sriramapura.  There he took opportunity to visit the home of the great associate of Nityananda, Uddharana Datta Thakur, at Saptagrama.  And at Khanakula he visited the place of Abhirama Thakur, and at Kulinagrama, he saw the home of Vasu Ramananda.

At Sriramapura he composed and published his masterly writing, Sri Caitanya Siksamrta, and also the Vaisnava‑siddhanta‑mala, Prema‑pradipa and Manah‑siksa.  He was also publishing Sajjanatosani on a regular basis.  In Calcutta he set up the Sri Caitanya Yantra, a printing press at the Bhakti Bhavana, upon which he printed Maladhara’s Sri Krsna‑vijaya and his own Amnaya‑sutra and the Caitanyopanisad of the Atharva Veda.

Finding the Caitanyopanisada was a difficult task.  Hardly anyone in Bengal had heard of it.  BVT travelled to many places in Bengal looking for it; finally, one devoted Vaisnava pandita named Madhusudana dasa sent an old copy he’d been keeping with him at Sambalapura to BVT; BVT wrote a Sanksrit commentary on the book and called it Sri Caitanya‑caranamrta.  Madhusudana dasa Mahasaya translated the verses into Bengali; this translation was called Amrta‑bindhu.  It was a sellout when published.

In Calcutta BVT started the Sri Visva‑Vaisnava Sabha, dedicated to the preaching of pure bhakti as taught by Lord Caitanya.  To publicize the work of the society, BVT published a small booklet entitled Visva‑Vaisnava‑kalpavi.  Also he published his own edition of the Sri Caitanya caritamrta, with his Amrta‑prabhava Bhasya commentary.  And he introduced the Caitanyabda or Caitanya‑era calendar, and gave assistence to the propagation of the Caitanya Panjika, which established the feast day of Gaura Purnima.

He lectured and gave readings on books like the BRS in various Vaisnava societies; he published in the Hindu Herald, an English periodical, a detailed account of Sri Caitanya’s life.

It was at this time that the learned Vaisnavas recognized KD as BVT.

(His dream of Sri Caitanya)

In the year 1887 BVT resolved to quit government service and go to Vrndavana with Bhaktibhringa Mahasaya for the rest of his life.  One night in Tarak‑eswara, while on government service, he had a dream in which sri Caitanya appeared to him and spoke, “You will certainly go to Vrndavana, but first there is some service you must perform in Navadwipa, so what will you do about that?”  When the Lord disappeared, BVT awoke.  BBM, hearing of this dream, told BVP to apply for a transfer to Krishnanagara; he did, even turning down offers of personal assistanceship to the chief Commissioner of Assam and the seat of the Minister of Tripura State.  He even tried to retire at this time, but his application was not accepted.  Finally, in December of 1887 he arranged for a mutual exchange of personell: himself for Babu Radha Madhava Vasu, Deputy Magistrate of Krishnanagara.

(The discovery of Sridhama Mayapura)

During his stay at Krishnanagara, BVP used to go to Navadwipa and search for the birthsite of SCM.  One night he was sitting on the roof of the Rani Dharma‑sala in Navadwipa chanting on his beads, when he spotted a very tall Tala tree with some very strange substance attached to it; near the tree was a small building that gave off a remarkable effulgence.  Soon afterwards, he went to the Krishnanagara Collectory where he began to study some very old manuscripts of CB and Navadwipa Dhama Parikrama by Narahari Sarkar, and some old maps of Nadia.  He went to the village of Ballaladibhi and spoke with many elderly people there, and uncovered facts about the modern‑day Navadwipa; in the year 1887 he discovered that the place he’d seen from the dharmasalla rooftop was in fact the birthplace of Mahaprabhu.  This was confirmed by Jaganatha dasa Babaji, the head of the Gaudiya Vaisnava community in Nadia.  A great festival was held there.  BVP published the Navadwipa Dhama Mahatmya.

Also in 1887, BVP renovated the house of Jagannatha dB at Ravasghata.  He took leave from office for two years and acquired a plot of land at Sri Godadrumadwipa, or Svarupaganga.  He built a retirement house there for his bhajana, and called it Surabhi Kunja; in 1890 he established the “Nama Hatta” there.  Sometimes JdB would come there and have kirtana.  Lord Nityananda had established His Nama Hatta at the same place; BVP considered himself the street sweeper of the NH of Nitai.

When the birthplace was uncovered, BVP and JdB would worship LC there. Once one of BVP’s sons contracted a skin disease; JdB told the boy to lie down at the birthsite of LC for the night ‑ he did so, and the next morning he was cured.

(In Mayamanasimha)

In 1888 he took charge of the village of Netrakona in the district of Mayama‑nasimha, because he could not keep good health in Krishnanagara and had requested transfer to a more healthful region.  From Netrakona he came to Tangaila and from there he was transferred to the district of Vardhamana.  There he would have kirtana with the devotees from a place called Amalajora, headed by Ksetra Babu and Vipina Babu; they would sing poems like Soka‑satana written by him.

He was put in charge of the Kalara subdivision in 1890, and from there would often visit such holy places as Godadrumadwipa, Navadwipa, Capahati, Samudragana, Cupi, Kasthasali, Idrakapura, Baghanapara, Piyariganga (the place of Nakula Brahmacari) and the place of Vrndavana dasa Thakur at Denura.  Soon BVP was transferred for a few days to Ranighata, from where he came to Dinajapura again.  Sailaja Prasada was born there, his youngest son.  In Dina‑japura BVP wrote his Vidva‑ranjana commentary and translation of the Bhaga‑vad Gita; it was published in 1891 with the commentary of Baladeva.

1891 was the year BVP took leave from the government service for two years.  He desired to preach hari nama.  His base was at godadrumadwipa; from there he used to visit such places as Ghatala and Ramajivana to lecture in clubs, societies and organizations.  This he’d also often do in Krishnanagara.  He travelled and preached in March of 1892 in the Basirahata District together with some other Vaisnavas.  All the while he was writing also.  He opened many branches of Nama Hatta in different districts of Bengal.  The NH became a self‑sustaining success which continued to spread even after his return to government service.

Also from Basirahata he set out on his third trip to Vrndavana; he stopped off at Amalajora to celebrate the Ekadasi day with Jagannatha dasa Babaji.  In Vraja, he visited all the forests and places of pastimes; he continued to give lectures and readings on Hari Nama in various places in Bengal when he returned to Calcutta. 

(Establishing Gaura‑Vishnupriya Deities at the Yogapitha) In February 1891 he gave a lecture on his investigation into the whereabouts of the actual birthsite of Sri Caitanya; his audience included highly learned men from all over Bengal, who became very enthusiastic at the news.  Out of this gathering the Sri Navadwipa Dhama Pracarini Sabha was formed for spread‑ing the glories of Navadvipa‑Mayapura.  That year, on Gaur Purnima, a big festival was held that witness the installatin of Gaura‑Visnupriya Dieties at the Yogapitha.  All the learned pandits, having deliberated fully on BVP’s evidence, agreed that the Yogapitha was the true birthsite of Mahaprabhu.

(He retires to Godruma)

In October 1894, at age 56, he retired from his post as Deputy Magistrate, though this move was opposed by his family and the government authorities.  He stayed at Surabhi Kunja and preached, as well as revised his old writings.  Sometimes he went to Calcutta; there he begged door to door for building the Yogapitha temple.

(In Tripura)

In July 1896 BVT went to Tripura at the request of the the king, who was a Vaisnava.  He stayed in the capital for 4 days and preached hari nama.  His lecture on the first day amazed all the local panditas; on the next 2 days the royal family and general public thrilled to his talks on the pastimes of Mahaprabhu.

(Outreach to the West)

Back in Godruma, BVT sent out a small booklet, written in Sanskrit, to Sri Gauranga‑lila‑smarana‑mangala‑stotram, with a commentary by Srila Sitikantha Vacaspati of Nadia.  The intro, “Caitanya Manaprabhu, His life and precpts”, was in English.  This book found its way into the library of the Royal Asiatic Society in London, the library of McGill University in Canada and other respectable institutions.  It was review in the Journal of the RAS and Mr. F.W. Fraser, an erudite European scholar.

In the rainy season of 1896, requested by the Maharaja of Tripura, BVT went to Darjilim and Karsiyam.  In 1897 he went to many villages such as Medinipura and Sauri to preach.

(Sisira Kumara Ghosa and BVT)

SKG was the founder of the Amrta Bazar Patrika and the author of the Sri Amiya Nimai‑carita.  He had great respect for BVT; he also took up the preaching of the holy name throughout Calcutta and in many villages in Bengal.  He published the Sri Visnu Priya O Ananda Bazar Patrika under the editorship of BVT.  In one of his letters to BVT he wrote, “I have not seen the 6 Goswamis of Vrndavana but I consider you to be the seventh Goswami.”

(Return to Puri)

Bhaktisiddhanta Saraswati had been residing at Puri as a naisthika brahmacari and was engaged in bhajan at the Gandharvika Giridhari Matha, one of seven mathas near the samadhi tomb of Haridasa Thakur.  BVT, desiring to help his son, had the monastery cleaned and repaired when he came to Puri himself at the beginning of the 20th century.  After Bhaktisiddhanta Saraswati left Puri for Sri Navadwipa Mayapur, BVT constructed his own place of bhajana on the beach, calling it Bhakti Kuti; Krsnadasa Babaji, BVT’s devoted assistant and disciple, joined him there at this time, and he became very dear to BVP and was his constant attendant up to the end of BVT’s life.  He began solitary bhajan at this time; he had many visitors at this place, and some of them simply wanted to disturb him, whereas others were sincere and benefitted greatly from his spiritual inspiration.

(Sir William Duke)

In 1908, 3 months before he took sannyasa, a son of BVT who was working in the writers building in Calcutta, came home to inform BVT that Sir William Duke, cheif secretary to the government, was in Calcutta; formerly BVT had served under him as a magistrate.  BVT made an appointment to meet him the next day at the writers building.  SWD met BVT on the street outside the building and personally escorted him in to his office.  With folded hands, he asked forgiveness for having once planned to remove BVT from office of district magistrate; this was because he thought that if such qualified Indians take up such posts, the British would not last much longer in India.  In those days, while studying BVT’s activities, he’d come to his house and would be fed puri, luchi and sweets by BVT’s wife.  But now he was begging forgiveness as he was getting on in life; BVT answered, “I consider you to be a good friend and a well wisher all along.”  BVT was pleased with him and gave him his blessings.  Later BVT admitted he was astonished that Duke wanted to harm him in some way.

(Accepting Paramahamsa Sannyasa)

In 1908 BVP took the “vesa” of a babaji at Satasana in Puri; until 1910 he would move between Calcutta and Puri, and was still writing books; but during that year he shut himself up and entered samadhi, claiming paralysis.

(Disappearance)

On June 23, 1914, just before noon at Puri, BVP left his body; this day was also the disappearance day of Sri Gadadhara Pandita.  Amidst sankirtana his remains were interred in Godruma after the next solstice; the summer solstice had just begun when BVP had left his body. 

(His divine character)

About BVP, Sarada Carana Mitra, Calcutta High Court Judge, wrote: “I knew Thakur Bhaktivinode intimately as a friend and a relation.  Even under the pressure of official work as a magistrate in charge of a heavy subdivision he could always find time for devotional contemplation and work, and whenever I met him, our talk would turn in a few moments to the subject of bhakti and dvaitadvaita‑vada and the saintly work that lay before him.  Service of God is the only thing he longed for and service under the government, however honorable, was to him a clog.”

(His schedule)

7:30‑8:00 PM ‑ take rest

10:00 PM ‑ rise, light oil lamp, write

4:00 AM ‑ take rest

4:30 ‑ rise, wash hands and face, chant japa

7:00 ‑ write letters

7:30 ‑ read

8:30 ‑ receive guests, or continue to read

9:30‑9:45 ‑ take rest

9:45 ‑ morning bath, breakfast of half‑quart milk, couple chapatis, fruit 9:55 ‑ go to court in carriage He would wear coat and pants to court, with double‑size tulasi neckbeads and tilaka.  He was very strong in his decisions; he would decide immediately.  He did not allow any humbug in his court; no upstart could stand before him.  He would shave his head monthly.  He never allowed harmonium and he never had any debts.

10:00 ‑ court began.

1:00 PM ‑ court finished. He’d come home and bathe and refresh.

2:00 PM ‑ return to office.

5:00 PM ‑ translate works from Sanskrit to Bengali

Then take evening bath and meal of rice, couple of chapatis, half‑quart of milk.

He always consulted a pocket watch, and kept time very punctually.

He was always charitable to brahmanas, and equally befriended other castes.  He never showed pride, and his amiable disposition was a characteristic feature of his life.  He never accepted gifts from anyone;  he even declined all honors and titles offered by the government to him on the grounds that they might stand against his holy mission of life.  He was very strict in moral principles, and avoided the luxurious life; he would not even chew betel. He dislike theaters because they were frequented by public women.

He spoke Bengali, Sanskrit, English, Latin, Urdu, Persian and Oriya.

He started writing books at age 12, and continued turning out a profuse number of volumes up until his departure from this world.